Water is the source of all life on earth and everyone is dependent on water. On the other hand, water is also the cause of many deaths. The drinking water crisis is global today. Not only Bangladesh but the whole world is worried about this crisis today. Both natural and man-made causes are responsible for this global crisis. Man's reckless behavior towards nature leads to natural disasters. Today people are building dams on rivers, destroying mountains, polluting water indiscriminately, disrupting water flow by digging and building infrastructure. Many people think that in the future, the crisis of potable water will become more terrible. Some even think that the right to potable water could lead to a world war in the future.
According to a UNICEF survey, 106 million people in China, 99 million in India and 63 million in Nigeria are denied access to safe drinking water. On the other hand, 43 million people in Ethiopia, 39 million in Indonesia and 18 million in Pakistan do not have access to safe drinking water. There is an extreme crisis in our country. About 28 million people are living in water crisis.There are currently more than 260 transboundary river basins in the world. Forty percent of the world's population depends on these rivers; That is why there have been hundreds of international water agreements. But as a result of population growth, rapid industrialization and urbanization, the pressure on water resources is increasing. To cope with this pressure, the countries upstream in the river basin have built huge dams. Whose compensation has to be given to the life and nature of Bhati. The share of water in these rivers is creating mutual mistrust and deteriorating relations between the countries, which is increasing the geopolitical instability between the countries. In the face of ongoing rivalries between the countries, a new fog is being created over whether hundreds of international water agreements will survive. A shining example of this is the Ethiopian Renaissance construction project along the Nile River. Behind the conflict between Turkey, Syria and Iraq is the problem of water distribution in the Euphrates River. In addition, many countries in the Middle East and Africa are fighting for water. Analysts are concerned about the dilemma between Ethiopia and Egypt over the construction of the Renaissance Dam on the Nile. Of the 57 international rivers flowing through Bangladesh, 54 came through India and three came from Myanmar. Bangladesh as a downstream country demands a fair share of river water. India has built more than 500 small and large dams along the course of 48 of the 54 common rivers. As the flow decreases and the river dries up in the dry season, the salinity is increasing in the downstream areas by entering the sea water. Floods during the monsoon season are destroying the local sources of drinking water in the area. All in all, the drinking water problem in Bangladesh is getting worse day by day .River disputes and water crisis are increasing in the country over water. In many countries, state vs. state, agricultural sector vs. industrial sector, multiple parties have been formed and quarrels over water have started anew. The dispute between the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu over the distribution of water in the Kaberi River in India has caught the attention of the world. Kenya's indigenous peoples have clashed over water. One of the main reasons for the outbreak of civil war in Sudan's Darfur was the water crisis. Just as there is a dispute between Lebanon and Israel over the waters of the Hasbani River, so there is a dispute between Turkey and Syria and Iraq over the Euphrates, and between Syria and Israel over the Sea of Galilee. Israel-Palestine and Jordan rivers are in dispute between Sudan, Egypt, Ethiopia and other countries over the Nile River, Senegal and Mauritania over the Senegal River, Iran and Afghanistan over the Helmand River. So we have to think anew about international river management and water.As everyone has the right to water, it is everyone's responsibility to prevent wastage and misuse of water. But the right to water cannot be protected by law. First we want water supply. Then the question of rights. So we have to play an important role in getting water. The United Nations says about 40 percent of the world's population does not have access to adequate water. By 2050, 800 crore people out of 930 crore people will face water problem. Therefore, in order to tackle this problem, it is necessary to take effective steps to prevent wastage of water and climate change.
Scientists have already warned that drinking water could lead to civil war in various African countries in the middle of the 21st century. Experts say there will be a world war over water. There is no water crisis in Bangladesh, but the crisis of pure water is evident.
There is a vast expanse of primordial water covering 71 parts of the earth's surface. But one study found that 1.1 billion people worldwide do not have enough water to drink every day. And 36 lakh people die of water borne diseases every year. Agriculture, industry and public health are under threat due to water scarcity in 70 countries of the world.
According to many, water will become more expensive than petroleum in the 21st century. Goldman Sachs, a US diversified investment bank, has predicted that water will be the petroleum of the next century. That day is not far away. On that day, talking about 'buying at the price of water' may mean scarcity. The right to water means the right to life. And the water crisis means the crisis of life. By 2050, 200 crore people will be added to the world. As the world's population grows, so does the supply of water. Canada has 10,000 times more water reserves than Kuwait.The picture of water crisis will not be the same in all parts of the world. History has shown that at the dawn of human civilization, human civilization developed around the source of water. Today, most of the world's cities are founded on one or another water source. Apparently water has created civilization, culture and economic system along with the existence of life. In the evolution of time, the big cities of the world are facing water crisis. Some of these cities are in a state of complete dehydration. Cape Town, one of the largest cities in the world, is in danger of running out of water. The list also includes cities like London, Istanbul, Jakarta, Cairo, Beijing, Bangalore, Sao Paulo. The water crisis in these cities could intensify.
The technology-based desalination process has almost doubled in the last decade to fill this water deficit. Speaking of Kuwait. Kuwait has a shortage of natural potable water. But the economically strong country is trying to meet the needs of the people through the process of desalination. However, this process is very expensive. It is impossible for all countries to follow.
Agriculture is the backbone of Bangladesh's economy and its main source is fresh water. It goes without saying that waterless crops do not grow in Bangladesh. As a result, there is no alternative to fresh water to keep the agricultural sector alive. About 45% of the total employment is in agriculture. Most of the food and employment of the people of Bangladesh depend on water. However, this riverine country is now going to be a dry desert. The river that once had strong currents has now turned into a dead river. About 600 rivers and tributaries of the country, 98,000 reservoirs and a large part of more than 24,000 kilometers of rivers have dried up. This is the overall picture of fresh water of Bangladesh in thick spots. From this figure it is clear that as far as fresh water is concerned, we are not aware of its arbitrary use and contamination. Thousands of crores of rupees are lost annually due to water pollution in the capital. On the one hand, factories are using huge amount of water, on the other hand, river water is being polluted by dumping untreated industrial waste.A few years ago, the World Bank stated that there had been, and still are, many wars over oil in the twentieth century. In the twenty-first century, war can be waged over water, unless this water can be conserved and managed properly from now on. Calling water the "next oil" or the oil of the future, some have suggested that the occupation of water could lead to a third world war. There are indications of this right now. Powerful states are involved in water politics, albeit covertly. The reason is obvious. Population and water consumption are increasing in every country. Compared to that, the source of water is getting less and the water that is available is being misused
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