The Principle of Artificial Intelligence:
The principle behind AI is to combine large amounts of data with fast, iterative processing capabilities and intelligent algorithms that allow programs to automatically learn from the patterns and traits in the data. AI is a complex discipline with many theories, techniques and technologies. Its main areas of focus are as follows:
Machine learning is a field of knowledge that explores algorithms that are trained on data to find patterns. It uses techniques from neural networks, statistics, operations research, etc. to discover hidden useful information in data; it does not explicitly program instructions to tell you where to look for data and how to draw conclusions.
A neural network is one method of machine learning. It is a mathematical model and its software or hardware embodiment, built on the principle of organization and functioning of biological neural networks - networks of nerve cells in a living organism.
Deep learning uses complex neural networks with many neurons and layers. Increased computing power and advanced techniques are used to train these deep neural networks, as well as to detect complex patterns in huge data arrays. Common applications: image and speech recognition.
Cognitive computing is an area of AI whose goal is to provide a process of natural human-computer interaction similar to that between humans. The ultimate goal of AI and cognitive computing is the imitation of human cognitive processes by a computer through the interpretation of images and speech with the issuance of an appropriate response.
Computer vision relies on pattern recognition and deep learning to recognize images and videos. Machines already know how to process, analyze and understand images as well as take photos or videos and interpret their surroundings.
Natural language processing is the ability of computers to analyze, understand and synthesize human language, including spoken language. Now we can already control computers using ordinary language used in everyday life. For example, using Siri or Google assistant.
In addition, the following technologies ensure the functioning of AI:
The existence of AI is impossible without graphical processors because they provide the computing power needed for iterative data processing. Learning neural networks requires "big data" and computing resources.
The Internet of Things collects enormous amounts of data from connected devices. Much of this data is unanalyzed. Automating models with AI will allow more of this data to be used.
More advanced algorithms are being developed and combined in new ways to analyze more data at multiple levels faster. Such intelligent processing is key to identifying and predicting rare events, understanding complex systems, and optimizing unique scenarios.
APIs (Application Program Interfaces) are portable code packages so that AI functionality can be integrated into existing products and software packages. APIs can be used to add image recognition to a home security system or question-and-answer functions to describe data, create titles and headers, detect interesting patterns in data, and other useful information.
To summarize, the goal of AI is to enable software products that are capable of analyzing input data and interpreting the results. Artificial intelligence is a tool that provides a more intuitive process of human interaction with programs and help in making decisions within the framework of certain tasks. AI is not a replacement for humans, and will not become one in the foreseeable future.
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