Indian Space and Research Organisation (ISRO) is touching new altitudes day by day. After success of Chandrayan-3 and Aditya L1 missions it has attracted mass but since decade of 1970, Satish Dhawan Shri Harikota Space Center has been playing an important role in these success. Now, a question arises that if Satish Dhawan Shri Harikota Space Center is doing excellent jobs then why ISRO needs another space center. Why is ISRO using Shri Harikota center since the decade of 1970 and what obstacle it is facing from this launching center? Let's understand the answers of these questions.
Shri Harikota is located near equator and earth's rotation from West to East is maximum at equator. Hence, the rotation of earth gives natural boost to rockets launched from Shri Harikota. This results in increased payload, less fuel consumption and lesser skill required to handle.
Second benefit from Shri Harikota is that it is located near sea. In case of failure and accedent, damaged launching vehicles and debris will fall into the sea without harming the population.
Now, let's come to second point that what obstacles ISRO was encountering from Satish Dhawan Shri Harikota Space Center. To understand let's first go through the launching vehicles ISRO is using that are Geosynchronous Sattelite Launch Vehicle (GSLV), Polar Sattelite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Small Sattelite Launch Vehicle(SSLV). ISRO is using Small Satellite Launch Vehicle to launch satellite weighing 500 gramms or lesser while Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle are very heavy and costly but those are required to launch heavy Geosynchronous satellite because in case of communication and weather related satellite maximum coverage of earth is required which will happen only when satellite is placed in Geosynchronous orbits. Geosynchronous satellite launching happens parallel to equator and hence, these satellite are launched at around 104 to 107 azimuth while polar and small satellites are launched towards poles and if launching happens from Shri Harikota, the launch vehicle needs to fly in the sky above Sri Lanka causing the security risks. To avoid these security risks, these satellites needs to launched at 140 azimuth causing high fuel consumption and higher costs and also increased probability of failure or accedent while turning it at an azimuth of 140 and consequently high skill and technology required for this. This is the reason that Satish Dhawan Shri Harikota Space Center is performing excellently for launching of geo-synchronous satellites but facing challenges for launching small or polar satellites. Hence, ISRO decided to establish new launching center at Kulasekarapattinam in Tamilnadu for launching polar or small satellites which provides more direct route as the launching vehicle will not fly above any country in its direct path and also it retains the benefit of proximity with sea like Shri Harikota so that in case of failure or accedent no population will be harmed.
We are hoping that with help of this new launching center ISRO will reach to epitome soon in the field of space and research and also India will shine as bright star in the fier of science and technology.
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