Rules of heredity

HEREDITY

      The rules of heredity determine the process by which the traits and the characteristics are relatively inherited.

         "The inheritance of characteristics from one generation to another generation to another generation is called heredity".

   The inheritable characteristics ( traits) may be morphological / anatomical / physiological / reproductive.

If we take a very close look at the rules of inheritance, both father and mother contribute an equal amount of genetic material to the child .This means that each trait can be influenced by both paternal and material genetic material -i.e.DNA.

GREGOR JOHANN MENDEL (1822-1884) conducted the first ever scientific experimental study on "HEREDITY."

      MENDEL, an Austrian Augustinian monk, observed variations in the characteristics of garden pea plant (pisum sativum) which, he had cultivated in his monastery garden.

MENDEL was curious to find out the results of crossing of pea plants with variation in traits.

The visible contrasting characteristics that Mendel focussed on the garden pea plants were : 

SEED SHAPE       -  ROUND/WRINKLED

SEED COLOUR     - YELLOW / GREEN

FLOWER COLOUR - VIOLET/WHITE

POD SHAPE.        - FULL/ CONSTRICTED

POD COLOUR      - GREEN / YELLOW

FLOWER POSITION - AXILLARY/ TERMINAL

STEM HEIGHT   - TALL/ DWARF.