A reliable brake system is essential for safe driving. It is responsible for regulating speed and decelerating the vehicle during manoeuvres and full braking. It consists of the main brake system, auxiliary and parking brake system. Each has its own purpose and must be in good working order. Main brake system. The main brake system is responsible for decelerating the vehicle during operation. It consists of a hydraulic line and a brake mechanism. The force of pressing the brake pedal is transferred to the brake cylinder, in which a piston increases the pressure in the system pipes leading to the wheels. Directly in the wheels is the brake fluid, which affects the braking mechanism: including the pads and brake drum. It is this friction that affects the movement of the wheels and the speed of the vehicle as a whole. Brake Assist System The auxiliary system is called a backup system. It is necessary for emergency or emergency braking in case of failure of the main brake system. In general, the function of the emergency brake system is very similar to that of the primary brake system, and so are their functions. Parking Brake System As is clear from the name, the parking brake system is needed to hold the car in place for a long time (at full stop of the car, in a parking lot, parking). In this case any spontaneous movement of the car is excluded, since it is completely blocked in parking mode. The parking brake is also needed for emergency and emergency braking in case of failure of the main and auxiliary braking systems. The main importance in the car's braking system are actuators and brake mechanisms.
The actuator consists of the following parts: Wheel brake cylinders; The pedals in the passenger compartment; Brake cylinder and reservoir to it; Vacuum booster; Brake tubes. Brake mechanisms allow you to create the braking torque you need to reduce speed and full braking. It can only be of 2 types: Drum brakes. Include round brake pads and friction pads that open up when the brake cylinders are applied. In doing so, the lower parts fit tightly against the stationary axle. When the brake pedal is depressed, friction is generated inside the rotating drum, which reduces the speed of the wheel to the proper value or full braking. Disc brakes. There are calipers, which can be stationary or movable. If the calipers are movable, it guarantees the same wear and tear on the pads. When the brake pedal is depressed, the piston presses the pads firmly against the disc, so that the frictional force reduces the wheel speed and affects the speed of the car. Faults The brake system requires constant attention and care, as any malfunction can have dire consequences. At the first signs of its malfunction it is necessary to visit a car service, and check the car. The main signs of brake malfunction can include the following: Whistling or noise when braking the car warns of worn pads and their poor condition, as well as the deformation of the brake disc; A change in pedal stiffness indicates air in the system, fluid leakage, and a faulty hose or gasket in the main brake cylinder; Difficult rotation of the wheels may alert you to a stuck piston in the master brake cylinder. It is important to regularly check the condition of the vehicle's braking system, even if it appears to be in perfect working order. This will allow the problem to be detected and corrected in a timely manner.
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