The sun is the closest star from Earth with a distance of about 150 million kilometers. This star is the center of the Solar System and has such a large role, especially for Earth's creatures. The sun's gravity keeps everything from the largest planets to the smallest dust particles in the Solar System stable. In addition, the relationship between the sun and the earth is also a factor that causes the formation of seasons, ocean currents, weather, earth's radiation belt, and auroras. The sun is also the main source of energy for earth's creatures. Behind it all, the sun is not always in the condition we know today. The sun has a formation process that is quite complicated and takes a very long time. In addition, the sun is also predicted to dim and "go out" someday.
The formation of the sun began 4.5 billion years ago in the Milky Way Galaxy, precisely in the Orion Arm. At that time, waves of energy traveling through space pushed clouds of gas and dust called a nebula (solar nebula) into one. This nebula consists mostly of of gases such as hydrogen and helium. However, some are also formed from particles that come from the remains of stars that have died. When the nebula collapses or collapses under its own gravity, most of the matter is pulled towards the center. The nebula begins to spin and gets faster and faster. As a result, the shape becomes flat like a disk (disk). In the center of this disk formation, matter is constantly gathering together. This material then condenses to form a ball of gas that glows and becomes a protostar (protostar). Over the next tens of millions of years, the material in the gas ball continues to increase in temperature and pressure. Due to the high temperature and pressure, hydrogen fusion reactions arise which then form the sun we know today. 91% of the sun consists of hydrogen atoms which act as fuel. Meanwhile, the remaining 8.9% helium and 0.1% heavy elements such as nitrogen and carbon. Like other stars, one day the sun will also run out of energy. Scientists predict that the sun is almost half its life span and will last for about 6.5 billion years more. After that, the sun will expand into a red giant star. Next, the sun will lose its outer layer. Then, the sun's remaining core will collapse and form a white dwarf. Gradually, the white dwarf will dim and enter its final phase as a very faint cold object known as a black dwarf
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